Pathology - Haemodynamic Derangements, Haemostasis and Thrombosis

2010/1: What is the coagulation cascade? What mechanisms restrict the activity of coagulation cascade.

2009/2: What major clinical disorders are associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation? What is the pathogenesis of disseminated intravascular coagulation? What are the consequences of disseminated intravascular coagulation?

2009/2: In the normal coagulation cascade, what happens after factor X is activated? Describe the process of normal fibrinolysis.

2009/2: What conditions predispose to the development of pulmonary thromboembolism? What are the potential clinical sequelae of pulmonary thromboembolism? What are the non-thrombotic types of pulmonary embolism?

2009/1: What is an endotoxin? How does an endotoxin cause septic shock?

2009/1: Describe the formation of a primary haemostatic plug after vascular injury. How does this then become the secondary haemostatic plug.

2008/1: What is disseminated intravascular coagulation? List the major clinical disorders associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation. What are the major mechanisms which trigger disseminated intravascular coagulation?

2008/1: What clinical conditions may cause fat embolism? What is the pathogenesis of fat embolism syndrome? What are the potential clinical sequelae of fat embolism?

2007/2: Describe the pathogenetic sequence of events in septic shock. How are specific organ systems affected in septic shock?

2007/1: Describe the causes of oedema formation. How does increased hydrostatic pressure cause oedema? What is the pathogenesis of cardiac oedema?

2006/2: Give an overview of the coagulation cascade. Describe the common pathway of the coagulation cascade.

2006/2: Describe the pathogenesis of thrombosis. What are the potential fates of a thrombus?

2006/2: Describe the role of platelets in haemostasis.

2005/2: Outline the pathogenesis of septic shock. What chemical mediators are involved?

2005/1: How is the coagulation cascade limited to the site of vascular injury? What are the natural anticoagulants?

2005/1: What are the potential fates of an intravascular thrombus? What are the primary causes of a hypercoagulable state?

2005/1: How do platelets adhere at the site of a vascular injury? How is a primary haematostatic plug formed?

2003/2: Describe the role of platelets in coagulation.

2003/2: Describe the pathogenesis of disseminated intravascular coagulation. What major disorders might precipitate DIC?

2003/2: Describe factors that inhibit activation of the coagulation cascade.

2003/1: Define shock. Describe the stages of haemorrhagic shock. Draw a graph showing the relationship between proportion of blood loss and cardiac output in haemorrhagic shock.

2003/1: Define oedema. What mechanisms contribute to oedema? How do these mechanisms contribute to the development of oedema in congestive cardiac failure?

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