2010/1: Classify portal hypertension, giving examples for each. What are the major clinical consequences of portal hypertension due to cirrhosis? What mechanism are involved in the formation of ascites?

2009/2: What are the predisposing conditions for the development of ischaemic bowel? What are the clinical features of transmural infarction?

2009/2: What are the causes of acute pancreatitis? Describe the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.

2009/1: What are the routes of transmission of Hepatitis C virus? What are the potential outcomes of infection?

2009/1: What are the pathological features of Crohn's disease? What are the extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease?

2008/1: Describe the clinical course of Hepatitis A infection. How do the serological markers change with time in Hepatitis A infection?

2008/1: Describe the potential outcomes of acute Hepatitis C infection in adults. How does the serology for Hepatitis C infection change in case of resolution?

2008/1: By what mechanism may Helibacter pylori cause peptic ulcers? What complications may arise from peptic ulcer disease?

2007/1: What are the pathological features of alcoholic liver disease? What changes occur at the cellular level in alcoholic hepatitis? In end-stage alcoholic liver disease, what are the potential causes of death?

2007/1: Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? How do the clinical features of acute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecystitis? What are the complications of acute and chronic cholecystitis?

2006/2: Outline the clinical syndromes which may develop following exposure to hepatitis viruses in an individual not immune to that virus. Describe the morphology of acute hepatitis.

2006/2: What are the aetiological factors in acute pancreatitis? Describe the cellular morphology of acute pancreatitis.

2006/2: Describe the Hepatitis D virus. How does Hepatitis D cause hepatitis?

2006/1: What is the causative organism of Salmonella dysentery? What is the pathogenesis of Salmonella dysentery?

2006/1: What is the causative organism of cholera? How does the organism cause diarrhoea?

2005/2: Describe the features of the illness caused by Hepatitis A virus. Describe the pattern of appearance of markers in Hepatitis A viral hepatitis (with the aid of a graph if needed). How does the community prevalence of Hepatitis A differ between developed and developing nations?

2005/2: What are the characteristic pathological features of Crohn's Disease? What are the complications of Crohn's Disease?

2005/2: How may Hepatitis B viral infection be transmitted? Describe the patterns of disease progression following Hepatitis B viral infection. What are the characteristic serological findings associated with the carrier state of Hepatitis B virus?

2005/2: What are the characteristic pathological features of ulcerative colitis? What are the complications of ulcerative colitis? What are the features of dysplasia and neoplasia in ulcerative colitis?

2005/2: What are the factors that predispose to ischaemic bowel disease? Describe the pathological course of acute transmural infarction caused by arterial occlusion. What are the outcomes of chronic bowel ischaemia?

2005/1: What are the causes of cirrhosis? Outline the pathogenesis of cirrhosis.

2005/1: List the causes of acute pancreatitis. Outline the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.

2005/1: What causes portal hypertension? What are the clinical consequences of portal hypertension?

2004/2: What are the common causes of infective gastroenteritis?

2004/2: Describe the Salmonella bacterium. How does Salmonella cause gastroenteritis?

2004/2: What causes cholera? How does Vibrio cholerae cause diarrhoea?